"Proving the Obvious" -- A Basic Stylometric Study
Posted: Tue May 26, 2015 8:50 pm
To many, the result of decades of work sifting through the patristic authors, using conventional methods, ends up with the "obvious" facts of authorship.
To some, this may not be enough; they may be interested in knowing whether non-conventional methods can confirm these results. To others, this may be enough, but they may be skeptical of non-conventional methods of authorship attribution. If you fall into either of these two groups, you may be interested in this study about "proving the obvious" in patristic authorship attribution.
There are (at least) two different ways that we can "prove the obvious." For a single work, we can extract a "Sample" from it, designate it the test sample, and put the rest of the work among the candidate authors. If that is still identified as the likely author, this can be said to help confirm the unity of the work (or to help confirm the validity of the stylometric test, depending on your point of view). Or, for different works, we can try to see whether a sample from the one can be identified with the author of another.
The other thread has a study where we "proved the obvious" with respect to Justin Martyr: we concluded that the most likely author of the "First Apology" and of the "Second Apology" was the author of the "Dialogue with Trypho." Let's do some more exercises like that.
(1) "Proving the Obvious" -- Athenagoras of Athens
Athenagoras has two works attributed to him: "A Plea for the Christians" and "On the Resurrection of the Dead." We'd like to know if they had the same author.
Author Group
#1 Justin #2 Tatian #3 Athenagoras #4 Irenaeus #5 Clement Alex. #6 Origen #7 Theophilus (Plea)
Control Group
#1 Josephus #2 Acts #3 Mark #4 John #5 1Cor #6 Hebrews #7 Revelation
#8 Life of Adam and Eve #9 1 Maccabees #10 2 Maccabees
#11 Polybius #12 Diodorus Siculus #13 Dionysius Halicarnassus #14 Strabo #15 Plutarch #16 Arrian
#17 Herodian #18 Herodotus #19 Thucydides #20 Xenophon #21 Epictetus #22 Galen
#23 Lucian #24 Philostratus #25 Basil #26 John Chrysostom
This test is with chapters 1 to 13 of "On the Resurrection of the Dead."
(2) "Proving the Obvious" -- Irenaeus of Lyons
Extant in Greek, there are parts of the Adv. Haer. (in five books) as well as other fragments. We'd like to know if they have the same author.
The first test compares some extant parts of books 2 and 3 of the Adv. Haer. in Greek to a long section of book 1 extant in Greek.
The author candidates and the controls are the same as in the previous test above, for Athenagoras.
(to be continued?...)
To some, this may not be enough; they may be interested in knowing whether non-conventional methods can confirm these results. To others, this may be enough, but they may be skeptical of non-conventional methods of authorship attribution. If you fall into either of these two groups, you may be interested in this study about "proving the obvious" in patristic authorship attribution.
There are (at least) two different ways that we can "prove the obvious." For a single work, we can extract a "Sample" from it, designate it the test sample, and put the rest of the work among the candidate authors. If that is still identified as the likely author, this can be said to help confirm the unity of the work (or to help confirm the validity of the stylometric test, depending on your point of view). Or, for different works, we can try to see whether a sample from the one can be identified with the author of another.
The other thread has a study where we "proved the obvious" with respect to Justin Martyr: we concluded that the most likely author of the "First Apology" and of the "Second Apology" was the author of the "Dialogue with Trypho." Let's do some more exercises like that.
(1) "Proving the Obvious" -- Athenagoras of Athens
Athenagoras has two works attributed to him: "A Plea for the Christians" and "On the Resurrection of the Dead." We'd like to know if they had the same author.
Author Group
#1 Justin #2 Tatian #3 Athenagoras #4 Irenaeus #5 Clement Alex. #6 Origen #7 Theophilus (Plea)
Control Group
#1 Josephus #2 Acts #3 Mark #4 John #5 1Cor #6 Hebrews #7 Revelation
#8 Life of Adam and Eve #9 1 Maccabees #10 2 Maccabees
#11 Polybius #12 Diodorus Siculus #13 Dionysius Halicarnassus #14 Strabo #15 Plutarch #16 Arrian
#17 Herodian #18 Herodotus #19 Thucydides #20 Xenophon #21 Epictetus #22 Galen
#23 Lucian #24 Philostratus #25 Basil #26 John Chrysostom
This test is with chapters 1 to 13 of "On the Resurrection of the Dead."
This test is with chapters 14 to 25 of the same work.testsize: 4549
$VAR1 = 262; $VAR2 = 249; $VAR3 = 110; $VAR4 = 265; $VAR5 = 36; $VAR6 = 91; $VAR7 = 44; $VAR8 = 26; $VAR9 = 47; $VAR10 = 37; $VAR11 = 28; $VAR12 = 32; $VAR13 = 21; $VAR14 = 26; $VAR15 = 10; $VAR16 = 15; $VAR17 = 9; $VAR18 = 39; $VAR19 = 52; $VAR20 = 26;
20 Words
$VAR1 = [ 'O', 'OI', 'H', 'AI', 'TO', 'TA' ]; $VAR2 = [ 'TOU', 'TWN', 'THS' ]; $VAR3 = [ 'EIMI', 'EI', 'ESTI', 'ESTIN', 'ESMEN', 'ESTE', 'EISI', 'EISIN', 'HN', 'HSQA', 'HN', 'HMEN', 'HTE', 'HSAN', 'ESOMAI', 'ESHi', 'ESEI', 'ESTAI', 'ESOMEQA', 'ESESQE', 'ESONTAI', 'W', 'HiS', 'Hi', 'WMEN', 'HTE', 'WSI', 'EIHN', 'EIHS', 'EIH', 'EIHMEN', 'EIMEN', 'EIHTE', 'EITE', 'EIHSAN', 'EIEN', 'ESOIMHN', 'ESOIO', 'ESOITO', 'ESOIMEQA', 'ESOISQE', 'ESOINTO', 'ISQI', 'ESTW', 'ESTE', 'ESTWN', 'ONTWN', 'ESTWSAN', 'EINAI', 'ESESQAI', 'WN', 'OUSA', 'ON', 'ESOMENOS', 'ESOMENH', 'ESOMENON' ]; $VAR4 = [ 'KAI' ]; $VAR5 = [ 'TE' ]; $VAR6 = [ 'DE', 'D' ]; $VAR7 = [ 'MEN' ]; $VAR8 = [ 'ALLA', 'ALL' ]; $VAR9 = [ 'GAR' ]; $VAR10 = [ 'EIS' ]; $VAR11 = [ 'EN' ]; $VAR12 = [ 'DIA', 'DI' ]; $VAR13 = [ 'PARA', 'PAR' ]; $VAR14 = [ 'MH' ]; $VAR15 = [ 'OTI' ]; $VAR16 = [ 'UPO', 'UP' ]; $VAR17 = [ 'META', 'MET', 'MEQ' ]; $VAR18 = [ 'PAS', 'PANTOS', 'PANTI', 'PANTA', 'PAS', 'PASA', 'PASHS', 'PASHi', 'PASAN', 'PASA', 'PAN', 'PANTOS', 'PANTI', 'PAN', 'PANTES', 'PANTWN', 'PASI', 'PASIN', 'PANTAS', 'PANTES', 'PASAI', 'PASWN', 'PASAIS', 'PASAS', 'PASAI', 'PANTA', 'PANTWN' ]; $VAR19 = [ 'OU', 'OUK', 'OUX' ]; $VAR20 = [ 'PERI' ];
Author Chi-Square-Based P-Values
$VAR1 = '6.78208518925442e-13'; $VAR2 = 0; $VAR3 = 0; $VAR4 = '6.2740714914153e-09'; $VAR5 = '8.00857141630174e-19'; $VAR6 = '5.00248383009696e-10'; $VAR7 = '1.22722438940479e-05';
Control Chi-Square-Based P-Values
$VAR1 = '1.99011125575588e-12'; $VAR2 = 0; $VAR3 = 0; $VAR4 = 0; $VAR5 = 0; $VAR6 = 0; $VAR7 = 0; $VAR8 = '3.86877337400529e-11'; $VAR9 = 0; $VAR10 = 0; $VAR11 = '6.31965276778601e-55'; $VAR12 = 0; $VAR13 = '2.5780686660294e-36'; $VAR14 = '1.60883063456591e-08'; $VAR15 = 0; $VAR16 = 0; $VAR17 = '8.25828431355798e-44'; $VAR18 = 0; $VAR19 = '9.69238160174912e-27'; $VAR20 = '3.11688969336939e-25'; $VAR21 = 0; $VAR22 = '1.43699318835081e-48'; $VAR23 = '1.43475221102759e-25'; $VAR24 = '7.0774094703045e-55'; $VAR25 = '1.46224471191943e-14'; $VAR26 = '1.24758427368846e-12';
Bayesian Author Test: Posterior Probabilities from Equal Priors, Chi-Square-Based Method
$VAR1 = '5.52331195906894e-08'; $VAR2 = '0'; $VAR3 = '0'; $VAR4 = '0.000510958696825175'; $VAR5 = '6.52215904760404e-14'; $VAR6 = '4.07400939280461e-05'; $VAR7 = '0.999448245976062';
Bayesian Comparison of Best Author to Best Control: from Equal Priors, Chi-Square-Based Method
$VAR1 = 7; $VAR2 = '0.998690765672404'; $VAR3 = 14; $VAR4 = '0.00130923432759604';
Percentage of Samples in the Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>1.2e-05 Test, Chi-Square-Based Method
1
Percentage of Samples outside the Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>1.2e-05 Test, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.13013698630137
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author Candidate (with Prior = 0.5), not Any Other, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.884848484848485
Percentage of Samples in the Second-Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>1.2e-05 Test, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.666666666666667
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author, not the Second-Best Author, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.6
Percentage of Samples in the Best Control Candidate that Meet the P-Value>1.2e-05 Test, Chi-Square-Based Method
0
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author, not the Best Control Author, Chi-Square-Based Method
1
Author Z-Score-Based P-Values
$VAR1 = '0.0389287296821748'; $VAR2 = '1.8655703642448e-07'; $VAR3 = '0.000152534988677256'; $VAR4 = '0.035673234051694'; $VAR5 = '0.0221786718454341'; $VAR6 = '0.0703532842848609'; $VAR7 = '0.0944429198795122';
Control Z-Score-Based P-Values
$VAR1 = '0.0214937707902393'; $VAR2 = '8.54189703175516e-10'; $VAR3 = '8.73529752573435e-191'; $VAR4 = '7.34026268611622e-19'; $VAR5 = '0'; $VAR6 = '0'; $VAR7 = '1.18954573120418e-88'; $VAR8 = '0.0738675435889026'; $VAR9 = '1.08423044904729e-42'; $VAR10 = '7.6244671299611e-10'; $VAR11 = '0.000387919061932858'; $VAR12 = '0.000166037074752847'; $VAR13 = '0.000573058786492357'; $VAR14 = '0.0707088249480558'; $VAR15 = '5.80942813963615e-39'; $VAR16 = '3.34111644599952e-06'; $VAR17 = '4.14163755031612e-11'; $VAR18 = '7.20945240268543e-07'; $VAR19 = '6.45906442601326e-06'; $VAR20 = '0.00501914757346439'; $VAR21 = '4.42760970269781e-17'; $VAR22 = '0.00810365288644468'; $VAR23 = '0.0138349455340384'; $VAR24 = '4.28365673401927e-08'; $VAR25 = '0.0358336853377963'; $VAR26 = '0.0132999336439379';
Bayesian Author Test: Posterior Probabilities from Equal Priors, Z-Score-Based Method
$VAR1 = '0.148736464808925'; $VAR2 = '7.12785500825437e-07'; $VAR3 = '0.000582796180629365'; $VAR4 = '0.136298069946523'; $VAR5 = '0.0847388874843662'; $VAR6 = '0.268801445042245'; $VAR7 = '0.36084162375181';
Bayesian Comparison of Best Author to Best Control: from Equal Priors, Z-Score-Based Method
$VAR1 = 7; $VAR2 = '0.561123283325967'; $VAR3 = 8; $VAR4 = '0.438876716674033';
Percentage of Samples in the Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.09 Test, Z-Score-Based Method
1
Percentage of Samples outside the Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.09 Test, Z-Score-Based Method
0.0273972602739726
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author Candidate (with Prior = 0.5), not Any Other, Z-Score-Based Method
0.973333333333333
Percentage of Samples in the Second-Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.09 Test, Z-Score-Based Method
0.4
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author, not the Second-Best Author, Z-Score-Based Method
0.714285714285714
Percentage of Samples in the Best Control Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.09 Test, Z-Score-Based Method
0
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author, not the Best Control Author, Z-Score-Based Method
1
Both samples seem most likely to be by the author of the Plea for the Christians.testsize: 4346
$VAR1 = 239; $VAR2 = 299; $VAR3 = 92; $VAR4 = 222; $VAR5 = 27; $VAR6 = 113; $VAR7 = 37; $VAR8 = 19; $VAR9 = 48; $VAR10 = 10; $VAR11 = 24; $VAR12 = 26; $VAR13 = 5; $VAR14 = 24; $VAR15 = 9; $VAR16 = 3; $VAR17 = 8; $VAR18 = 36; $VAR19 = 63; $VAR20 = 19;
20 Words
$VAR1 = [ 'O', 'OI', 'H', 'AI', 'TO', 'TA' ]; $VAR2 = [ 'TOU', 'TWN', 'THS' ]; $VAR3 = [ 'EIMI', 'EI', 'ESTI', 'ESTIN', 'ESMEN', 'ESTE', 'EISI', 'EISIN', 'HN', 'HSQA', 'HN', 'HMEN', 'HTE', 'HSAN', 'ESOMAI', 'ESHi', 'ESEI', 'ESTAI', 'ESOMEQA', 'ESESQE', 'ESONTAI', 'W', 'HiS', 'Hi', 'WMEN', 'HTE', 'WSI', 'EIHN', 'EIHS', 'EIH', 'EIHMEN', 'EIMEN', 'EIHTE', 'EITE', 'EIHSAN', 'EIEN', 'ESOIMHN', 'ESOIO', 'ESOITO', 'ESOIMEQA', 'ESOISQE', 'ESOINTO', 'ISQI', 'ESTW', 'ESTE', 'ESTWN', 'ONTWN', 'ESTWSAN', 'EINAI', 'ESESQAI', 'WN', 'OUSA', 'ON', 'ESOMENOS', 'ESOMENH', 'ESOMENON' ]; $VAR4 = [ 'KAI' ]; $VAR5 = [ 'TE' ]; $VAR6 = [ 'DE', 'D' ]; $VAR7 = [ 'MEN' ]; $VAR8 = [ 'ALLA', 'ALL' ]; $VAR9 = [ 'GAR' ]; $VAR10 = [ 'EIS' ]; $VAR11 = [ 'EN' ]; $VAR12 = [ 'DIA', 'DI' ]; $VAR13 = [ 'PARA', 'PAR' ]; $VAR14 = [ 'MH' ]; $VAR15 = [ 'OTI' ]; $VAR16 = [ 'UPO', 'UP' ]; $VAR17 = [ 'META', 'MET', 'MEQ' ]; $VAR18 = [ 'PAS', 'PANTOS', 'PANTI', 'PANTA', 'PAS', 'PASA', 'PASHS', 'PASHi', 'PASAN', 'PASA', 'PAN', 'PANTOS', 'PANTI', 'PAN', 'PANTES', 'PANTWN', 'PASI', 'PASIN', 'PANTAS', 'PANTES', 'PASAI', 'PASWN', 'PASAIS', 'PASAS', 'PASAI', 'PANTA', 'PANTWN' ]; $VAR19 = [ 'OU', 'OUK', 'OUX' ]; $VAR20 = [ 'PERI' ];
Author Chi-Square-Based P-Values
$VAR1 = '4.22830039720807e-09'; $VAR2 = 0; $VAR3 = 0; $VAR4 = '1.33816564502871e-13'; $VAR5 = '4.01064292919044e-13'; $VAR6 = '7.53589896904617e-07'; $VAR7 = '0.0672041237835196';
Control Chi-Square-Based P-Values
$VAR1 = '4.06193934577003e-13'; $VAR2 = 0; $VAR3 = 0; $VAR4 = 0; $VAR5 = 0; $VAR6 = 0; $VAR7 = 0; $VAR8 = '7.937563141249e-11'; $VAR9 = 0; $VAR10 = 0; $VAR11 = '1.85332880977305e-24'; $VAR12 = '4.94084904344495e-05'; $VAR13 = '4.57332191655007e-27'; $VAR14 = '4.05838859959686e-05'; $VAR15 = 0; $VAR16 = 0; $VAR17 = 0; $VAR18 = 0; $VAR19 = '5.26570948465044e-40'; $VAR20 = '3.00854848600267e-35'; $VAR21 = 0; $VAR22 = '2.53933242760227e-12'; $VAR23 = 0; $VAR24 = 0; $VAR25 = '1.63500582106775e-08'; $VAR26 = '2.81098354485038e-06';
Bayesian Author Test: Posterior Probabilities from Equal Priors, Chi-Square-Based Method
$VAR1 = '6.29165664219605e-08'; $VAR2 = '0'; $VAR3 = '0'; $VAR4 = '1.99117327956704e-12'; $VAR5 = '5.96778512746618e-12'; $VAR6 = '1.12133208025675e-05'; $VAR7 = '0.999988723754672';
Bayesian Comparison of Best Author to Best Control: from Equal Priors, Chi-Square-Based Method
$VAR1 = 7; $VAR2 = '0.999265339845152'; $VAR3 = 12; $VAR4 = '0.000734660154847873';
Percentage of Samples in the Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.06 Test, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.75
Percentage of Samples outside the Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.06 Test, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.0196078431372549
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author Candidate (with Prior = 0.5), not Any Other, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.97452229299363
Percentage of Samples in the Second-Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.06 Test, Chi-Square-Based Method
0
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author, not the Second-Best Author, Chi-Square-Based Method
1
Percentage of Samples in the Best Control Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.06 Test, Chi-Square-Based Method
0
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author, not the Best Control Author, Chi-Square-Based Method
1
Author Z-Score-Based P-Values
$VAR1 = '0.0159168379659639'; $VAR2 = '3.09950295206002e-64'; $VAR3 = '2.18574082592966e-53'; $VAR4 = '0.00447413456724124'; $VAR5 = '0.0376872781408746'; $VAR6 = '0.0218153509881043'; $VAR7 = '0.0391998767696662';
Control Z-Score-Based P-Values
$VAR1 = '0.0162302425707405'; $VAR2 = '5.53230945341289e-08'; $VAR3 = '2.86076339963524e-90'; $VAR4 = '1.0147531289995e-13'; $VAR5 = '0'; $VAR6 = '0'; $VAR7 = '1.48444938940122e-74'; $VAR8 = '0.0417834216921657'; $VAR9 = '3.46749737698547e-33'; $VAR10 = '1.54813955547156e-16'; $VAR11 = '0.00181227145321975'; $VAR12 = '0.0209517477291002'; $VAR13 = '0.000413763912412668'; $VAR14 = '0.0291759586222472'; $VAR15 = '8.82632743916466e-94'; $VAR16 = '1.32935276991962e-05'; $VAR17 = '8.84001579464579e-05'; $VAR18 = '0.000161715409380325'; $VAR19 = '0.00499007581385892'; $VAR20 = '0.0014423205156063'; $VAR21 = '9.25170217596236e-10'; $VAR22 = '0.00909302549363535'; $VAR23 = '0.00521476799533951'; $VAR24 = '2.13968435997231e-05'; $VAR25 = '0.0433661923019287'; $VAR26 = '0.027857899453689';
Bayesian Author Test: Posterior Probabilities from Equal Priors, Z-Score-Based Method
$VAR1 = '0.133649954435348'; $VAR2 = '2.60257991694623e-63'; $VAR3 = '1.83531529577451e-52'; $VAR4 = '0.0375682583643865'; $VAR5 = '0.316451233410238'; $VAR6 = '0.183178384537554'; $VAR7 = '0.329152169252473';
Bayesian Comparison of Best Author to Best Control: from Equal Priors, Z-Score-Based Method
$VAR1 = 7;$VAR2 = '0.474769808111793'; $VAR3 = 25; $VAR4 = '0.525230191888207';
Percentage of Samples in the Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.03 Test, Z-Score-Based Method
1
Percentage of Samples outside the Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.03 Test, Z-Score-Based Method
0.196078431372549
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author Candidate (with Prior = 0.5), not Any Other, Z-Score-Based Method
0.836065573770492
Percentage of Samples in the Second-Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.03 Test, Z-Score-Based Method
0.625
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author, not the Second-Best Author, Z-Score-Based Method
0.615384615384615
Percentage of Samples in the Best Control Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.03 Test, Z-Score-Based Method
0.714285714285714
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author, not the Best Control Author, Z-Score-Based Method
0.583333333333333
(2) "Proving the Obvious" -- Irenaeus of Lyons
Extant in Greek, there are parts of the Adv. Haer. (in five books) as well as other fragments. We'd like to know if they have the same author.
The first test compares some extant parts of books 2 and 3 of the Adv. Haer. in Greek to a long section of book 1 extant in Greek.
The author candidates and the controls are the same as in the previous test above, for Athenagoras.
Irenaeus is indicated as the most likely author.testsize: 2085
$VAR1 = 123; $VAR2 = 123; $VAR3 = 54; $VAR4 = 79; $VAR5 = 156; $VAR6 = 2; $VAR7 = 12; $VAR8 = 16; $VAR9 = 20; $VAR10 = 38; $VAR11 = 13; $VAR12 = 9; $VAR13 = 15; $VAR14 = 4; $VAR15 = 13; $VAR16 = 8; $VAR17 = 15; $VAR18 = 6; $VAR19 = 14; $VAR20 = 4; $VAR21 = 2; $VAR22 = 6; $VAR23 = 44;
23 Words
$VAR1 = [ 'O', 'OI', 'H', 'AI', 'TO', 'TA' ]; $VAR2 = [ 'TOU', 'TWN', 'THS' ]; $VAR3 = [ 'TWi', 'TOIS', 'THi', 'TAIS' ]; $VAR4 = [ 'TON', 'TOUS', 'THN', 'TAS' ]; $VAR5 = [ 'KAI' ]; $VAR6 = [ 'TE' ]; $VAR7 = [ 'ALLA', 'ALL' ]; $VAR8 = [ 'GAR' ]; $VAR9 = [ 'EIS' ]; $VAR10 = [ 'EN' ]; $VAR11 = [ 'DIA', 'DI' ]; $VAR12 = [ 'EK', 'EC' ]; $VAR13 = [ 'KATA', 'KAT', 'KAQ' ]; $VAR14 = [ 'PROS' ]; $VAR15 = [ 'APO', 'AP' ]; $VAR16 = [ 'META', 'MET', 'MEQ' ]; $VAR17 = [ 'OU', 'OUK', 'OUX' ]; $VAR18 = [ 'POLUS', 'POLLOU', 'POLLWi', 'POLUN', 'POLLH', 'POLLHS', 'POLLHi', 'POLLHN', 'POLU', 'POLLOU', 'POLLWi', 'POLU', 'POLLOI', 'POLLWN', 'POLLOIS', 'POLLOUS', 'POLLAI', 'POLLWN', 'POLLAIS', 'POLLAS', 'POLLA', 'POLLWN', 'POLLOIS', 'POLLA' ]; $VAR19 = [ 'PAS', 'PANTOS', 'PANTI', 'PANTA', 'PAS', 'PASA', 'PASHS', 'PASHi', 'PASAN', 'PASA', 'PAN', 'PANTOS', 'PANTI', 'PAN', 'PANTES', 'PANTWN', 'PASI', 'PASIN', 'PANTAS', 'PANTES', 'PASAI', 'PASWN', 'PASAIS', 'PASAS', 'PASAI', 'PANTA', 'PANTWN' ]; $VAR20 = [ 'ODE', 'TOUDE', 'TWiDE', 'TONDE', 'OIDE', 'TWNDE', 'TOISDE', 'TOUSDE', 'HDE', 'THSDE', 'THiDE', 'THNDE', 'AIDE', 'TWNDE', 'TAISDE', 'TASDE', 'TODE', 'TOUDE', 'TODE', 'TADE', 'EKEINOS', 'EKEINOU', 'EKEINWi', 'EKEINON', 'EKEINOI', 'EKEINWN', 'EKEINOIS', 'EKEINOUS', 'EKEINH', 'EKEINHS', 'EKEINHi', 'EKEINHN', 'EKEINAI', 'EKEINAIS', 'EKEINAS', 'EKEINO', 'EKEINOU', 'EKEINWi', 'EKEINO', 'EKEINA', 'EKEINWN', 'EKEINOIS', 'EKEINA' ]; $VAR21 = [ 'PERI' ]; $VAR22 = [ 'TIS', 'TINOS', 'TINI', 'TINA', 'TINES', 'TINWN', 'TISI', 'TISIN', 'TINAS', 'TI', 'TINA' ]; $VAR23 = [ 'EIMI', 'EI', 'ESTI', 'ESTIN', 'ESMEN', 'ESTE', 'EISI', 'EISIN', 'HN', 'HSQA', 'HN', 'HMEN', 'HTE', 'HSAN', 'ESOMAI', 'ESHi', 'ESEI', 'ESTAI', 'ESOMEQA', 'ESESQE', 'ESONTAI', 'W', 'HiS', 'Hi', 'WMEN', 'HTE', 'WSI', 'EIHN', 'EIHS', 'EIH', 'EIHMEN', 'EIMEN', 'EIHTE', 'EITE', 'EIHSAN', 'EIEN', 'ESOIMHN', 'ESOIO', 'ESOITO', 'ESOIMEQA', 'ESOISQE', 'ESOINTO', 'ISQI', 'ESTW', 'ESTE', 'ESTWN', 'ONTWN', 'ESTWSAN', 'EINAI', 'ESESQAI', 'WN', 'OUSA', 'ON', 'ESOMENOS', 'ESOMENH', 'ESOMENON' ];
Author Chi-Square-Based P-Values
$VAR1 = '0.169008340032144'; $VAR2 = '2.45390097771078e-25'; $VAR3 = '1.28518884338707e-06'; $VAR4 = '0.188849079022568'; $VAR5 = '2.26690968497709e-06'; $VAR6 = '0.438939017666361'; $VAR7 = '0.0857489870993074';
Control Chi-Square-Based P-Values
$VAR1 = '5.38974260393018e-21'; $VAR2 = '2.88230382313125e-11'; $VAR3 = '1.01055994115002e-18'; $VAR4 = '1.77563596406316e-31'; $VAR5 = 0; $VAR6 = 0; $VAR7 = 0; $VAR8 = '0.000743975160904467'; $VAR9 = '1.24752037975246e-39'; $VAR10 = '3.87635670754786e-41'; $VAR11 = '6.39159227540956e-12'; $VAR12 = '5.05096813308015e-05'; $VAR13 = '1.519696491101e-06'; $VAR14 = '0.0183030717673731'; $VAR15 = 0; $VAR16 = '4.75734722879094e-23'; $VAR17 = '3.34398755492644e-34'; $VAR18 = 0; $VAR19 = '2.8446800457453e-16'; $VAR20 = '8.6288695815938e-14'; $VAR21 = '1.73969791074334e-45'; $VAR22 = '1.27368590034946e-10'; $VAR23 = '2.61073173183736e-12'; $VAR24 = '2.22436267905913e-41'; $VAR25 = '0.14097608436432'; $VAR26 = '2.27259006723311e-12';
Bayesian Author Test: Posterior Probabilities from Equal Priors, Chi-Square-Based Method
$VAR1 = '0.191500239243009'; $VAR2 = '2.78047003018249e-25'; $VAR3 = '1.45622382264841e-06'; $VAR4 = '0.213981415395037'; $VAR5 = '2.5685936382361e-06'; $VAR6 = '0.497353721598666'; $VAR7 = '0.0971605989458269';
Bayesian Comparison of Best Author to Best Control: from Equal Priors, Chi-Square-Based Method
$VAR1 = 6; $VAR2 = '0.756902201941861'; $VAR3 = 25; $VAR4 = '0.243097798058139';
Percentage of Samples in the Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.43 Test, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.545454545454545
Percentage of Samples outside the Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.43 Test, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.0716417910447761
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author Candidate (with Prior = 0.5), not Any Other, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.883905013192612
Percentage of Samples in the Second-Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.43 Test, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.142857142857143
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author, not the Second-Best Author, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.792452830188679
Percentage of Samples in the Best Control Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.43 Test, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.1875
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author, not the Best Control Author, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.744186046511628
Author Z-Score-Based P-Values
$VAR1 = '0.189141540591001'; $VAR2 = '0.00484568420146235'; $VAR3 = '0.0475379464199051'; $VAR4 = '0.191930618542426'; $VAR5 = '0.0698581336939889'; $VAR6 = '0.178392054031543'; $VAR7 = '0.188981273344321';
Control Z-Score-Based P-Values
$VAR1 = '0.027185503565873'; $VAR2 = '0.0507915870747712'; $VAR3 = '0.0145150313485325'; $VAR4 = '0.00786693767559947'; $VAR5 = '2.95330914206815e-06'; $VAR6 = '9.75332471207117e-07'; $VAR7 = '4.42890306063041e-05'; $VAR8 = '0.132226315772581'; $VAR9 = '0.00107724310049605'; $VAR10 = '0.0100984739487528'; $VAR11 = '0.0219553277356833'; $VAR12 = '0.0436827296332505'; $VAR13 = '0.0317408166687835'; $VAR14 = '0.0828248476874279'; $VAR15 = '0.00139009651703996'; $VAR16 = '0.0137367298340031'; $VAR17 = '3.01848374527028e-06'; $VAR18 = '0.000622785250379873'; $VAR19 = '0.000263549776021878'; $VAR20 = '0.0283692012386948'; $VAR21 = '0.00109391535239875'; $VAR22 = '0.020939574340014'; $VAR23 = '0.0350381593500224'; $VAR24 = '8.15079568976157e-06'; $VAR25 = '0.128657538409141'; $VAR26 = '0.0237294004044504';
Bayesian Author Test: Posterior Probabilities from Equal Priors, Z-Score-Based Method
$VAR1 = '0.217232468273609'; $VAR2 = '0.00556535563932157'; $VAR3 = '0.054598188241393'; $VAR4 = '0.220435774568473'; $VAR5 = '0.0802333256032228'; $VAR6 = '0.204886489221685'; $VAR7 = '0.217048398452295';
Bayesian Comparison of Best Author to Best Control: from Equal Priors, Z-Score-Based Method
$VAR1 = 4; $VAR2 = '0.592091663712221'; $VAR3 = 8; $VAR4 = '0.407908336287779';
Percentage of Samples in the Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.19 Test, Z-Score-Based Method
0.857142857142857
Percentage of Samples outside the Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.19 Test, Z-Score-Based Method
0
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author Candidate (with Prior = 0.5), not Any Other, Z-Score-Based Method
1
Percentage of Samples in the Second-Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.19 Test, Z-Score-Based Method
0
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author, not the Second-Best Author, Z-Score-Based Method
1
Percentage of Samples in the Best Control Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.19 Test, Z-Score-Based Method
0
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author, not the Best Control Author, Z-Score-Based Method
1
Irenaeus is indicated as the most likely author.testsize: 1496
$VAR1 = 74; $VAR2 = 109; $VAR3 = 24; $VAR4 = 71; $VAR5 = 91; $VAR6 = 5; $VAR7 = 5; $VAR8 = 15; $VAR9 = 14; $VAR10 = 18; $VAR11 = 19; $VAR12 = 17; $VAR13 = 4; $VAR14 = 4; $VAR15 = 5; $VAR16 = 5; $VAR17 = 11; $VAR18 = 2; $VAR19 = 15; $VAR20 = 4; $VAR21 = 2; $VAR22 = 3; $VAR23 = 40;
23 Words
$VAR1 = [ 'O', 'OI', 'H', 'AI', 'TO', 'TA' ]; $VAR2 = [ 'TOU', 'TWN', 'THS' ]; $VAR3 = [ 'TWi', 'TOIS', 'THi', 'TAIS' ]; $VAR4 = [ 'TON', 'TOUS', 'THN', 'TAS' ]; $VAR5 = [ 'KAI' ]; $VAR6 = [ 'TE' ]; $VAR7 = [ 'ALLA', 'ALL' ]; $VAR8 = [ 'GAR' ]; $VAR9 = [ 'EIS' ]; $VAR10 = [ 'EN' ]; $VAR11 = [ 'DIA', 'DI' ]; $VAR12 = [ 'EK', 'EC' ]; $VAR13 = [ 'KATA', 'KAT', 'KAQ' ]; $VAR14 = [ 'PROS' ]; $VAR15 = [ 'APO', 'AP' ]; $VAR16 = [ 'META', 'MET', 'MEQ' ]; $VAR17 = [ 'OU', 'OUK', 'OUX' ]; $VAR18 = [ 'POLUS', 'POLLOU', 'POLLWi', 'POLUN', 'POLLH', 'POLLHS', 'POLLHi', 'POLLHN', 'POLU', 'POLLOU', 'POLLWi', 'POLU', 'POLLOI', 'POLLWN', 'POLLOIS', 'POLLOUS', 'POLLAI', 'POLLWN', 'POLLAIS', 'POLLAS', 'POLLA', 'POLLWN', 'POLLOIS', 'POLLA' ]; $VAR19 = [ 'PAS', 'PANTOS', 'PANTI', 'PANTA', 'PAS', 'PASA', 'PASHS', 'PASHi', 'PASAN', 'PASA', 'PAN', 'PANTOS', 'PANTI', 'PAN', 'PANTES', 'PANTWN', 'PASI', 'PASIN', 'PANTAS', 'PANTES', 'PASAI', 'PASWN', 'PASAIS', 'PASAS', 'PASAI', 'PANTA', 'PANTWN' ]; $VAR20 = [ 'ODE', 'TOUDE', 'TWiDE', 'TONDE', 'OIDE', 'TWNDE', 'TOISDE', 'TOUSDE', 'HDE', 'THSDE', 'THiDE', 'THNDE', 'AIDE', 'TWNDE', 'TAISDE', 'TASDE', 'TODE', 'TOUDE', 'TODE', 'TADE', 'EKEINOS', 'EKEINOU', 'EKEINWi', 'EKEINON', 'EKEINOI', 'EKEINWN', 'EKEINOIS', 'EKEINOUS', 'EKEINH', 'EKEINHS', 'EKEINHi', 'EKEINHN', 'EKEINAI', 'EKEINAIS', 'EKEINAS', 'EKEINO', 'EKEINOU', 'EKEINWi', 'EKEINO', 'EKEINA', 'EKEINWN', 'EKEINOIS', 'EKEINA' ]; $VAR21 = [ 'PERI' ]; $VAR22 = [ 'TIS', 'TINOS', 'TINI', 'TINA', 'TINES', 'TINWN', 'TISI', 'TISIN', 'TINAS', 'TI', 'TINA' ]; $VAR23 = [ 'EIMI', 'EI', 'ESTI', 'ESTIN', 'ESMEN', 'ESTE', 'EISI', 'EISIN', 'HN', 'HSQA', 'HN', 'HMEN', 'HTE', 'HSAN', 'ESOMAI', 'ESHi', 'ESEI', 'ESTAI', 'ESOMEQA', 'ESESQE', 'ESONTAI', 'W', 'HiS', 'Hi', 'WMEN', 'HTE', 'WSI', 'EIHN', 'EIHS', 'EIH', 'EIHMEN', 'EIMEN', 'EIHTE', 'EITE', 'EIHSAN', 'EIEN', 'ESOIMHN', 'ESOIO', 'ESOITO', 'ESOIMEQA', 'ESOISQE', 'ESOINTO', 'ISQI', 'ESTW', 'ESTE', 'ESTWN', 'ONTWN', 'ESTWSAN', 'EINAI', 'ESESQAI', 'WN', 'OUSA', 'ON', 'ESOMENOS', 'ESOMENH', 'ESOMENON' ];
Author Chi-Square-Based P-Values
$VAR1 = '0.128585198154302'; $VAR2 = 0; $VAR3 = '5.1199904743529e-05'; $VAR4 = '0.322601367993639'; $VAR5 = '7.23675146691969e-07'; $VAR6 = '0.00488474392739791'; $VAR7 = '0.0025135436601417';
Control Chi-Square-Based P-Values
$VAR1 = '4.06804356344907e-07'; $VAR2 = '2.32812109945295e-16'; $VAR3 = '2.06377465161763e-51'; $VAR4 = '1.32150863166511e-39'; $VAR5 = 0; $VAR6 = '9.15361331452747e-49'; $VAR7 = 0; $VAR8 = '0.328581210324402'; $VAR9 = '2.52892029285479e-41'; $VAR10 = '1.28180521781348e-11'; $VAR11 = '2.19783689322504e-06'; $VAR12 = '0.025626125481107'; $VAR13 = '5.24615058008337e-16'; $VAR14 = '0.00429005905269931'; $VAR15 = '1.26589419913224e-41'; $VAR16 = '5.55104523648815e-33'; $VAR17 = '1.90025070942155e-34'; $VAR18 = 0; $VAR19 = 0; $VAR20 = '1.25636692166003e-40'; $VAR21 = '1.89708582080793e-57'; $VAR22 = '9.70438958751707e-05'; $VAR23 = '3.44732462886991e-31'; $VAR24 = 0; $VAR25 = '0.44883144545292'; $VAR26 = '4.83557961880673e-07';
Bayesian Author Test: Posterior Probabilities from Equal Priors, Chi-Square-Based Method
$VAR1 = '0.280363905631326'; $VAR2 = '0'; $VAR3 = '0.000111634974070827'; $VAR4 = '0.703391842847809'; $VAR5 = '1.57788294023868e-06'; $VAR6 = '0.0106505718010464'; $VAR7 = '0.00548046686280746';
Bayesian Comparison of Best Author to Best Control: from Equal Priors, Chi-Square-Based Method
$VAR1 = 4; $VAR2 = '0.418184658949547'; $VAR3 = 25; $VAR4 = '0.581815341050453';
Percentage of Samples in the Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.32 Test, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.6
Percentage of Samples outside the Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.32 Test, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.0626304801670146
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author Candidate (with Prior = 0.5), not Any Other, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.905482041587902
Percentage of Samples in the Second-Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.32 Test, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.176470588235294
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author, not the Second-Best Author, Chi-Square-Based Method
0.772727272727273
Percentage of Samples in the Best Control Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.32 Test, Chi-Square-Based Method
0
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author, not the Best Control Author, Chi-Square-Based Method
1
Author Z-Score-Based P-Values
$VAR1 = '0.182854401766883'; $VAR2 = '0.0064360183150822'; $VAR3 = '0.063349147437644'; $VAR4 = '0.23460535022967'; $VAR5 = '0.0787441287239121'; $VAR6 = '0.0902797050185237'; $VAR7 = '0.158106918587784';
Control Z-Score-Based P-Values
$VAR1 = '0.0433558163416752'; $VAR2 = '0.0399063682264983'; $VAR3 = '0.0064197659468676'; $VAR4 = '0.00567816174162865'; $VAR5 = '6.94518501874106e-05'; $VAR6 = '0.000295164146635458'; $VAR7 = '0.00105509036862163'; $VAR8 = '0.214124359749043'; $VAR9 = '0.00219327938631219'; $VAR10 = '0.0302332314239487'; $VAR11 = '0.0445891418721447'; $VAR12 = '0.0970215681634584'; $VAR13 = '0.0387873274597366'; $VAR14 = '0.0770975831794432'; $VAR15 = '0.0121925121654343'; $VAR16 = '0.0134905297916449'; $VAR17 = '7.46978544112166e-05'; $VAR18 = '0.00408375751555584'; $VAR19 = '0.000622683340610001'; $VAR20 = '0.0243491636341886'; $VAR21 = '0.00226666680482889'; $VAR22 = '0.0384867944990566'; $VAR23 = '0.0203101085473562'; $VAR24 = '8.72402450049445e-05'; $VAR25 = '0.134170691747656'; $VAR26 = '0.0467880855537976';
Bayesian Author Test: Posterior Probabilities from Equal Priors, Z-Score-Based Method
$VAR1 = '0.224533232616138'; $VAR2 = '0.00790300907989298'; $VAR3 = '0.07778860514271'; $VAR4 = '0.288080008832739'; $VAR5 = '0.0966926341454002'; $VAR6 = '0.110857566520511'; $VAR7 = '0.194144943662609';
Bayesian Comparison of Best Author to Best Control: from Equal Priors, Z-Score-Based Method
$VAR1 = 4; $VAR2 = '0.522821076948079'; $VAR3 = 8; $VAR4 = '0.477178923051921';
Percentage of Samples in the Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.23 Test, Z-Score-Based Method
0.2
Percentage of Samples outside the Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.23 Test, Z-Score-Based Method
0.00208768267223382
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author Candidate (with Prior = 0.5), not Any Other, Z-Score-Based Method
0.989669421487603
Percentage of Samples in the Second-Best Author Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.23 Test, Z-Score-Based Method
0.0294117647058824
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author, not the Second-Best Author, Z-Score-Based Method
0.871794871794872
Percentage of Samples in the Best Control Candidate that Meet the P-Value>0.23 Test, Z-Score-Based Method
0
Posterior Probability of a Sample Meeting the Test Being by the Best Author, not the Best Control Author, Z-Score-Based Method
1
(to be continued?...)