With the Roman calendar days and dates set precisely, the chronology influences the continuity of accounts in early writings.
This is demonstrated in a representation from the Gospel of Luke, where after his account of Yom Kippur is set as it was with its precise Roman time, day and date, it gains a continuity of dated prominent events in the lives of John the Harbinger and Yeshua the Messiah, dated events of which correspond with other gospel accounts and with historiography.
Formulae
1. Use the reformed Roman Calendar of Augustus (which has a day omitted for the leap years of 5 BCE, 1 BCE, 4 CE, (with January 1st A.D.1, 1 CE being on Sunday and not Saturday), to find the Roman New Year Day weekday and weekdays for the selected year. Obtain the astronomical moon phase over Jerusalem time, weekday and date,* and revise the weekday and date given according to Augustus' reformed Roman calendar.
2. Use the reformed Roman calendar time, weekday and date of the astronomical moon phase to establish the reliant Hebrew lunar calendar festival days of the selected year.
3. Use the reformed Roman calendar time, weekday and date of the astronomical moon phase to set the day and date for the sighted new moon of the Hebrew New Year Day of Nisan 1 and its synchronized observed Hebrew festival days for the selected year.
*Information sites:
http://www.cgsf.org/dbeattie/calendar/?roman=-1 (Subtract applicable omitted days of Augustus' reformed Roman Calendar's omitted Leap Years)
https://in-the-sky.org/skymap2.php?year ... own=281184 (Utilise 'Change Time' tool to suit the day and time)
Representation
The Gospel of Luke Chronology with Corresponding Gospel Chronology and Historiography
Summary
In the Gospel of Luke, his account of the Yom Kippur incense ceremony links to the date of the nativity of John the Baptist and the date of the Nativity of Jesus Christ, which successively date when John the Baptist and Jesus Christ were baptized as priests when aged thirty. There are three Jewish passovers during the ministry of Jesus Christ recounted by John the son of Zebedee in his memoirs, in which he enables comprehending purveyors of the gospel to ratify that the Crucifixion and Resurrection of Yeshua took place in A.D. 33.
Deliberation
In the year 2 BCE beginning on Friday for the then Hebrew calendar and for the then corrected Roman calendar, the Astronomical spring new moon phase over Jerusalem commenced at 21:14, Friday, April 2/Adar II 29.
There followed on Saturday/Sunday, Nisan 1,/April 3-4 the sighted spring new moon Hebrew New Year, which as the head of the months places Luke's, 'time of incense'¹ depiction of the Yom Kippur ceremony on Thursday, Tishri 10/October 7, and 'as soon as the days of his ministration were accomplished', the conception of John son of Zacharias occurred on Friday, October 8, 2 BC. When Elisabeth was 'in the sixth month', the Annunciation ushered in the conception of Jesus Christ on Sunday, April 10, 1 BC.¹
From the October 8 2 BC datum, the standard 266 days of gestation attain John the Harbinger's birth date of Friday, July 1, 1 BC and from the April 10 1 BC datum, the standard 266 days of gestation confirms the correct Roman Calendar day and date for the Nativity of Yeshua the Messiah on Sunday, January 1, A.D. 1.
Luke chronicles that John was inaugurated as a priest on becoming thirty years of age on Saturday July 1, A.D. 30, fortuitously for archivists being incidentally 'on† the 15th² year of Tiberius' administration' .
Tiberius with imperium maius maintained the Roman administration of the provinces after being decreed 'sovereign' and 'princeps', explicably at the Senate meeting on Wednesday, July 1, 16 CE.
Jesus Christ was baptized into the priesthood after the end of his thirtieth year on Saturday January 6th³ A.D. 31, Epiphany, on the first sabbath following his January 1 birthday. Both John son of Zacharias and Jesus Christ were baptized as priests after their thirtieth year and on the sabbath, as stipulated in the Torah.³
John 2:1: 'On the third day', Tuesday January 9, A.D. 31, was the miracle at Cana.
Luke 6:1: 'On the second sabbath after the first sabbath' (of the civil new year of Saturday Tishri 1/October 6, A.D. 31) was Sukkot on Saturday October 20, A.D. 31, and concordant with Luke 6:6: 'on another sabbath' (Saturday October 27 A.D. 31), was in sequence the eighth day of Sukkot, Shemini Atzeret.
The dates of Sukkot aligning with the civil new year — all being on the sabbath — and with the Cana miracle set as being on the third day, Tuesday, (January the 9th, A.D. 31), annuls other years in which Tishri 1 New Year and Sukkot fell on the sabbath for possible years of Yeshua's baptism and the beginning of his ministry. The years of 24 CE, 27 CE and 30 CE have matching Tishri 1 and Sukkot high Sabbaths but by not matching January 9th as Tuesday, are ineligible as prospective years for when Yeshua was baptised as a priest and began his ministry.
For calculating the baptism year of Yeshua, for those that base their calculations on superficial misconceptions, for e.g.in Luke 3:1: 'Now in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar...', where they appraise the translator's choice of 'reign' as infallible — by doing so they leave no room in their mind to render the translator's choice of 'government', 'rule' or 'administration' from which a fixed July 1 date is accounted for: 'On the fifteenth year...' instead of the imprecise: 'In the fifteenth year...'.
After Yeshua was baptized as a priest, the Gospel of John archives three Jewish Passovers during the ministry of Jesus, for the years of 31, 32 and 33 CE.
John in his gospel chronicles the Passion in A.D. 33 with the Entry by Yeshua into Jerusalem on Psalm Sunday, March 29, A.D. 33. The Crucifixion of Yeshua was on the following Friday, April 3, A.D. 33, in which a Blood Moon appeared at moonrise during sunset, recorded by Pilate in his Report to Tiberius and recounted by Peter in Acts 2. The time, place, day, and date of the Blood Moon is confirmed in astronomy records: https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/LEhistory/LEhistory.html by Fred Espenak.
The Jewish passover on Saturday, April 4 33 CE is recorded in the gospel of John that states: 'that sabbath day was a high day', (being both a day of rest for the Sabbath and for Passover).
Yeshua 'rose on the third day attested and confirmed by Nicodemis in his records: 'Joseph... "remained the whole Sabbath. And at midnight"...The Jews said, "At what hour was it?" The members of the guard answered, "At midnight" '.
The Resurrection of the Lord Yeshua was at midnight on Sunday April 5 A.D. 33.
Calendars:
2 BCE 1 BCE
- 2 BC 1 BC with feasts set .png (550.58 KiB) Viewed 472 times
1 CE 31 CE
- A.D. 1 A.D. 31 with feasts set.png (531.13 KiB) Viewed 472 times
32 CE 33 CE
- A.D. 32 A.D. 33 with feasts set.png (584.9 KiB) Viewed 472 times
Calendars: Model by cgsf.org; Applied by Trees of Life.
Calendar Notes:
The apostles, by matching lunar reliant feast calendar dates to certain events, establish the timeline of the gospel.
2 BCE: ANM = Astronomical New Moon; SNM = Sighted New Moon; YK = Yom Kippur; Conception of John the Baptist and 266 days to his birth on July 1 1 BCE
1BCE: April 10 = Annunciation/Conception of Jesus Christ and 266 days to his birth on Sunday January 1st 1 CE; John born on July 1.
A.D. 1 The birth of Yeshua the Christ at midnight on Sunday January 1.
31 CE: Baptism Saturday January 6; Cana miracle Tuesday January 9; October 6 Civil New Year; October 20, Cornfields,: Matthew 12, Luke 6; October 27, Healing of withered hand: Matthew 12, Luke 6.
32 CE: Yeshua taught in the temple October 13: John 7:14.
33 CE: Passion Year: Palm Sunday March 29; Crucifixion April 3, Resurrection on Sunday April 5; Pentecost, May 24.
¹ Luke 1:10ff
² Luke 3:1
² Tacitus, Annals Book 2 35: Tiberius is acknowledged as sovereign over the administration of the provinces, for the Senate decreed that only under Tiberius was it 'sufficiently illustrious and suiting the dignity of the Roman people', that the 'prosecution of public business', be 'transacted under the immediate eye of their prince', and that 'affairs must be reserved for his presence'.
² Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars, Tiberius: Lucius Scribonius Libo, a nobleman, planned a revolt of which Tiberius knew of but was 'hesitant to take active measures against him', which is portrayed as occurring during the time that Tiberius and Libo were conducting sacrifices together, (explicably for sacrifices conducted during the Fors Fortuna festival on June 24th, 16 CE.)
It wasn't until he had control of the senate that he brought Libo before it, therewith when: 'immediate anxieties were past' because Tiberius had 'sovereign power placed in his hands' by the Senate (explicably decreed when the July 1 16 CE meeting of the senate was held — full tribunician powers and proconsular powers were decreed specifically at July 1 senate meetings), he 'finally brought Libo in front of a Senatorial Court', in September of 16 CE.
² Piso Decree A.D. 20: The trial of Piso inscription has content relevant to the administration of the provinces under the imperium maius of Tiberius concerning the years A.D. 16 to A.D.20.
The government of Tiberius had sent Piso as an ‘assistant’, a legatus to Germanicus Caesar who was sent under the authority of Tiberius to settle ‘overseas matters… which required the presence either of Tiberius Caesar Augustus himself or one of his two sons’.
Relevant content:
Tiberius is addressed by the senate, 'Our Princeps'; proconsuls are sent to provinces under the authority of Tiberius; Tiberius as their benefactor rebuilds cities in the provinces following the A.D. 17 Lydia earthquake; Roman government support for provinces under the authority of Tiberius.
The decree details that the actions of Piso ‘ignored the majesty of the August house, ignored even public law which granted powers to the proconsul [Germanicus] and indeed a proconsul whose appointment had been passed into law by the people, so that in whichever province he should enter, his power would be greater than whoever was proconsul in that province, excepting that in all matters Tiberius Caesar Augustus would have greater power than Germanicus Caesar’.
²Numismatics: Roman Provincial Coinage minted in Alexandria, Egypt during the reign of Tiberius, has its first issue during year 4 = A.D.17. https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/search/brow ... erius+year
³ Apocryphal Legend of Jesus Christ: 'fifteenth year of Tiberius... John became thirty years of age... Jesus was baptized on the sixth of Andynaeus, or January'
Epiphany is observed by Christianity on January the sixth.
The First Infancy Gospel: 'Jesus... arrived at the end of his thirtieth year... the Father publicly owned him at Jordan' .
Numbers 4: 'From thirty years'.
Numbers 19:19: 'seventh day'.
† Corrected on other than in.