Peltast

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Ethan
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Peltast

Post by Ethan »

The Septuagint scribes never identify פלשת with the Παλαιστίνῃ and translates the instance into ἀλλόφυλος. In the Book of Samuel, פלשת are πελταστής 'one who bears a light shield, in pl., generally, light troops
(πελτασταί/פלשתים).

Peltast (πελταστής)
A tradition of fighting with javelins, light shield and sometimes a spear existed in Anatolia and several contingents armed like this appeared in Xerxes I's army that invaded Greece in 480 BCE

From the mid-5th century BCE onwards, peltast soldiers began to appear in Greek depictions of Persian troops.[9] They were equipped like Greek and Thracian peltasts, but were dressed in typically Persian army uniforms. They often carried a light axe, known as a sagaris, as a sidearm. It has been suggested that these troops were known in Persian as takabara and their shields as taka

In the Hellenistic period, the Antigonid kings of Macedon had an elite corps of native Macedonian "peltasts". However, this force should not be confused with the skirmishing peltasts discussed earlier. The “peltasts" were probably, according to F.W. Walbank, about 3,000 in number, although by the Third Macedonian War, this went up to 5,000 (most likely to accommodate the elite agema, which was a sub-unit in the 'peltast' corps)

גלית ὁπλίτης 'heavy-armed hence Goliath
אשפה ἀσπίς 'shield
חגורה ζωστήρ 'warrior belt
מחגורה περίζωμα 'girdle worn round the loins
חנית ἔγχος 'spear
חץ οἰστός "arrow"
קבל ἐμβολῇ 'battering-ram
שלט πέλτῃ 'small light shield
שריון θωράκιον 'breastwork, cuirass
כובע κύμβαχος 'the crown of a helmet
צנה αἰγίς 'the skin-shield of Zeus
מגן ὅπλον 'shield
מצחה κνημίς 'a greave or piece of armour from knee to ankle, κνημῖδας χαλκέας/מצחת נחשת (μίς/מ),
פלתי ὁπλίτης 'hoplite
צבאות σημεία 'military standard, a body of troops under one standard
שנאן ἀπήνῃ 'four-wheeled wagon, war-chariot'
קלשון κνώδων 'two-edged sword
נשק τεῦχος ' implements of war, armour, arms
כרתי κουρῆτες 'young men, warriors
כרי κόροι 'young warriors, cf. spartans

In 1 Samuel 17:10, the armies of Israel are named מערכה meaning παράταξις 'placing side by side, marshalling, line of battle, front rank of the phalanx'. אערך means παρατάσσω 'place or post side by side, draw up in battleorder' (Verb).
https://vivliothikiagiasmatos.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/joseph-yahuda-hebrew-is-greek.pdf
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